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Global Expansion and Compliance

Martin Alvarez-Espinar

WebEvolve 2025

Hangzhou (🇨🇳), 05 September 2025

Regulation on Digital Products and Services

Legislation introduces requirements aiming to enhance products and services for:

Regulation on Digital Products - How is W3C related?

Legislation introduces requirements aiming to enhance products and services for:

CE Marking

European Conformity Marking

CE marking indicates a product meets the health, safety, and environmental requirements of the European Economic Area

Charger with the CE logo printed on
Manufacturers must ensure their products comply with relevant EU directives or regulations, and then affix the CE mark, declaring their product's conformity. 20+ CE marking directives and regulations

Example of Accessibility

Web & Apps Accessibility

Directive 2016/2102/EU on accessibility for public sector and high-impact businesses

  • 2020 Sep: All websites in EU accessible
  • 2021 Jun: All mobile apps in EU accessible

European Accessibility Act

Directive 2019/882/EU

  • 2025 Jul: ICT products, services must be accessible
    • Devices (laptops, smartphones, tablets and OS); TV equipment; e-book readers; self-service terminals…
    • Services: communications; audiovisual; e-books; e-commerce; public transportation; consumer banking services…

W3C, Standards, Acts

W3C impacts on specific standards like in Accessibility. EU standards are based on W3C WCAG

W3C WAI is the Reference

W3C impacts on specific standards like in Accessibility

Also Affecting Interoperability

Digital Markets Act

Dominant services (e.g., browsers, search engines, marketplaces, ads, OSs, cloud services , social networks, communication…)

  • Interoperability of functionalities
  • OSs third-party integration
  • Portability of services
  • Avoid self-preferences…

Data Act

Data sharing of IoT devices and cloud services

  • Interoperability of data and switch of services

W3C's standards for interoperability (e.g., XML, RDF, JSON-LD, OWL…).

Many other directives and regulations related to digital products (e.g., Interoperable Europe, GDPR, Data Act...), but simplified to align with the topic of the event.

Standard Digital ID Wallets

27+ official EU Digital Identity (EUDI) Wallets to be released in Q4.2026

Interoperable: ISO mDL, W3C VC, JSON-LD

Decentralized credential model: issuer, holder, verifier

https://www.w3.org/reports/identity-web-impact/

Conclusion

Alignment to worldwide legislative/technical requirements on:

^ W3C Principles

Thank you





Martin Alvarez (@espinr)

This Presentation: https://espinr.github.io/talks/2025/0905-Global-Expansion